Strategies for Communicating With Your Child With ADHD

Strategies for Communicating With Your Child With ADHD ADHD Parenting Print Improving Communication With Your Child With ADHD Simple methods to help your child slow down and pay attention By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on October 28, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW on October 28, 2019 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Hero Images / Getty Images Communicating with a child who has ADHD presents challenges for parents. Many parents find it frustrating to get their child to slow down, pay attention and follow directions. The problem is compounded if parents themselves also have ADHD. Kirk Martin is executive director of Celebrate!ADHD, an educational organization that provides training for educators, parents, and children affected by ADD, ADHD, autism, sensory integration disorder, oppositional defiance disorder, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other learning or emotional disabilities. It is important to understand that children with ADHD have very busy minds, says Martin. Think of your child’s brain as a city with streets carrying information, impulses, sensory input, teachers lectures, and your directions. But in their city, the traffic lights are not working, creating gridlock and chaos. Communication Tips Since it is essential to communicate more effectively with our children, Martin recommends that parents and teachers try these strategies. Give clear, specific directions.Try to break tasks into one or two steps so they do not feel overwhelming.Give the child choices.Ask questions instead of making statements. This forces a child to stop and think about the alternatives. Use interesting time limits and make it a challenge. Saying, We are leaving in five minutes is meaningless, explains Martin. Instead, ask your child, Do you think we can set a record by picking up all our Legos in three and a half minutes? Martin also encourages parents to speak softly and whisper at times. It helps your child learn to listen more attentively. Instead of requiring your child to maintain eye contact, let your child move around and/or have something in their hands (such as textured objects or fidgets) while you are speaking. This will actually increase attention and retention, Martin says. Sometimes we talk until we are blue in the face and children simply don’t listen. They tune us out instead. Martin recommends visual and auditory reminders to keep a child on task. We teach parents how to use color cards (yellow for slow down, red for stop, green for go) and timers to help children turn off their video games without being asked. How to Communicate During a Temper Tantrum Many parents are unsure how to handle the temper tantrums that can occur when a child becomes extremely frustrated.  Martin encourages parents to look at tantrums as an opportunity to prove their personal integrity. The sooner you show your child that their tantrums cannot control you, the sooner they will stop throwing them. The most effective way to calm an emotional child is for us to be calm. When your child is having a meltdown, you need to be the calm rock in their life. No matter how much their world is spinning out of control, you need to show them that you, the adult in their life, are in control and that everything is okay. And they need to recognize that you are so emotionally strong that even their wildest tantrum cannot move you.” Martin explains that when we give in or try to bribe our children, they learn that they cannot count on us. They learn that we can be manipulated or embarrassed by screaming and crying. This causes even more insecurity and instability. Children with ADHD have great chaos inside, so they need order and structure on the outside, says Kirk Martin. So when your child loses it, seek first to control yourself and remain calm. Because your child has become emotional, he is irrational. And it is impossible to reason with an irrational person. Martin counsels parents to draw the child into their calmness. Sit down and begin to color with crayons, read a magazine, water your plants, cook. Invite him into your calm. This will freak him out at first  because he is used to seeing you get upset. What you are communicating, though, is (1) Your actions cannot control or manipulate me and (2) No matter how out of control you may feel, I am a rock you can count on. Parents may then calmly let their child know they are available when the screaming and acting out stops. Martin gives an example of what a parent may say: When you are ready to talk, I’m all ears. But I can’t hear what you are screaming at me and your tantrum will not get what you want. A Word From Verywell Communicating well with kids is essential, no matter the childs diagnosis. If your child has ADHD or other learning or attention issues, communication can be challenging. Miscommunication and frustration can lead to tantrums. But as a parent, you can help your child learn to listen and focus with smart suggestions, statements, and questions that promote understanding. Make Your Own Fidget Toys, Weighted Items, and More

Did Antonio Meucci Invent the Telephone

Who was the first inventor of the telephone and would Antonio Meucci have won his case against  Alexander Graham Bell  if he had lived to see it adjudicated? Bell  was the first person to patent the telephone, and his company was the first to bring telephone services successfully to the marketplace. But people are passionate in putting forward other inventors who deserve the credit. These include Meucci, who accused Bell of stealing his ideas. Another example is  Elisha Gray,  who  almost patented the telephone before Alexander Graham Bell did. There are a few other inventors who have invented or claimed a telephone system  including  Johann Philipp Reis, Innocenzo Manzetti, Charles Bourseul, Amos Dolbear, Sylvanus Cushman, Daniel Drawbaugh, Edward Farrar, and James McDonough. Antonio Meucci and the Patent Caveat for the Telephone Antonio Meucci filed a patent caveat for a telephone device in December of 1871. Patent caveats according to the law were a description of an invention, intended to be patented, lodged in the patent office before the patent was applied for, and operated as a bar to the issue of any patent to any other person regarding the same invention. Caveats lasted one year and were renewable. They are no longer issued. Patent caveats were much less costly than a full patent application and required a less detailed description of the invention. The U.S. Patent Office would note the subject matter of the caveat and hold it in confidentiality. If within the year another inventor filed a patent application for a similar invention, the Patent Office notified the holder of the caveat, who then had three months to submit a formal application. Antonio Meucci did not renew his caveat after 1874, and Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent in March of 1876. It should be pointed out that a caveat does not guarantee that a patent will be granted, or what the scope of that patent will be. Antonio Meucci was granted fourteen patents for other inventions, which leads me to question the reasons that Meucci did not file a patent application for his telephone, when patents were granted to him in 1872, 1873, 1875, and 1876. Author Tom Farley says, Like Gray, Meucci claims Bell stole his ideas. To be true, Bell must have falsified every notebook and letter he wrote about coming to his conclusions. That is, it is not enough to steal, you must provide a false story about how you came along on the path to discovery. You must falsify each step toward invention. Nothing in Bells writing, character, or his life after 1876 suggest he did so, indeed, in the more than 600 lawsuits which involved him, no one else was credited for inventing the telephone. In 2002, the U.S. House of Representatives passed Resolution 269, Sense of the House Honoring the Life and Achievements of 19th Century Italian-American Inventor Antonio Meucci. Congressman Vito Fossella who sponsored the bill told the press, Antonio Meucci was a man of vision whose enormous talents led to the invention of the telephone, Meucci began work on his invention in the mid-1880s, refining and perfecting the telephone during his many years living on Staten Island.  However, I do not interpret the carefully worded resolution to mean that Antonio Meucci invented the first telephone or that Bell had stolen Meuccis design and deserved no credit. Are politicians now our historians? The issues between Bell and Meucci were headed to trial and that trial never happened, we do not know what the outcome would have been. Antonio Meucci was an accomplished inventor and deserves our recognition and respect. He patented other inventions. I respect those who have a different opinion than me. Mine is that several inventors independently worked on a telephone device and that Alexander Graham Bell was the first to patent his and was the most successful in bringing the telephone to market. I invite my readers to draw their own conclusions.   Meucci Resolution - H.Res.269 Here is a plain English synopsis and extracts with the whereas language of the resolution removed. You can read the full version on the Congress.gov website. He immigrated to New York from Cuba and worked on a creating an electronic communications project he called the teletrofono that linked different rooms and floors of his house on Staten Island. But he exhausted his savings and couldnt commercialize his invention, though he demonstrated his invention in 1860 and had a description of it published in New Yorks Italian language newspaper. Antonio Meucci never learned English well enough to navigate the complex American business community. He was unable to raise sufficient funds to pay his way through the patent application process, and thus had to settle for a caveat, a one-year renewable notice of an impending patent, which was first filed on December 28, 1871. Meucci later learned that the Western Union affiliate laboratory reportedly lost his working models, and Meucci, who at this point was living on public assistance, was unable to renew the caveat after 1874. In March 1876, Alexander Graham Bell, who conducted experiments in the same laboratory where Meuccis materials had been stored, was granted a patent and was thereafter credited with inventing the telephone. On January 13, 1887, the Government of the United States moved to annul the patent issued to Bell on the grounds of fraud and misrepresentation, a case that the Supreme Court found viable and remanded for trial. Meucci died in October 1889, the Bell patent expired in January 1893, and the case was discontinued as moot without ever reaching the underlying issue of the true inventor of the telephone entitled to the patent. Finally, if Meucci had been able to pay the $10 fee to maintain the caveat after 1874, no patent could have been issued to Bell. Antonio Meucci - Patents 1859 - US Patent No. 22,739 - candle mold1860 - US Patent No. 30,180 - candle mold1862 - US Patent No. 36,192 - lamp burner1862 - US Patent No. 36,419 - improvement in treating kerosene1863 - US Patent No. 38,714 -  improvement in preparing hydrocarbon liquid1864 - US Patent No. 44,735 - improved process for removing mineral, gummy, and resinous substances from vegetables1865 - US Patent No. 46,607 - improved method of making wicks1865 - US Patent No. 47,068 - improved process for removing mineral, gummy, and resinous substances from vegetables1866 - US Patent No. 53,165 - improved process for making paper-pulp from wood1872 - US Patent No. 122,478 - improved method of manufacturing effervescent drinks from fruits1873 - US Patent No. 142,071 - improvement in sauces for food1875 - US Patent No. 168,273 - method of testing milk1876 - US Patent No. 183,062 - hygrometer1883 - US Patent No. 279,492 - plastic paste

Top Choices of Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked

Top Choices of Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked The cost of an essay depends upon the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. This essay is dealing with the several pros and cons of employing a low-cost essay support. Summary Hiring an affordable essay service may be perfect option for students at one time crunch. Should you need additional assistance with editing and revising, there are a couple free tools readily available online. Make certain to read your essay and make certain it is logical. Writing a high school essay if you've got the tips about how to do essay effectively. Of all Of the kinds of essay, writing a brief essay may appear to be the easiest. Writing a persuasive essay can be hard because you're not merely presenting the research materials you've gathered but you're trying to influence your readers. For instance, the price of a persuasive essay will differ from a proposal essay. Our objective is to supply you with a professionally written essay on this issue you require. At this time, you may just be thinking that you're finished with your essay, but you're not. Should you do, your essay or answer is going to be truncated. The best strategy is to stay relaxed and focused. All essays will have a particular topic that's either one you choose or one which is provided for you. This distinguishing quality of this essay demands the writer to deliver his points in a concise way. It is far better read through several narrative essay examples in order to get the one which best matches the format that you're writing your essay in. The Basics of Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked In addition to its growing cultural and ethnic diversity, State University is turning into a master at developing a niche for each and every student. Thus, it is not just the perfect place for me, it is the only place for me. Brown already knows they're unique due to their open curriculum. It's not sufficient to say, I wish to go to Brown because of its uniquely flexible curriculum. Many people think that high school entrance essays are rather less difficult to write than college entrance essays, that's the reason there are fewer places where you are able to get assistance with higher school entrance essays. Scholarship providers would never tell you exactly what they are searching for in an essay. If you wish to be one of those admitted students, you will need to compose amazing Brown essays as a piece of your application. Once uploaded, their application materials can subsequently be accessed by high school students that are getting ready for the college application approach. The school would like you to know they are embracing all sexual orientations, and if you're open to discussing your own history and identity, don't hesitate to share your story. The brief essay is just 250 words, so aim to concentrate your interests on no more than two areas. As an example, perhaps you've lived in many diverse nations and believe your international experiences mig ht help encourage other people to explore interests outside their comfort zones. It is a great idea to inform your story because the admission essay is just the way for you to speak to the admission committee without facing them. Whatever They Told You About Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why The principal portion of a brief essay is known as the body. While the focus is largely on your side, there's also a discussion about the opposing side which goes far beyond a single sentence or a paragraph. Let's look at each one of the Brown essay questions and go over how you are able to write something meaningful for each. Let's have a peek at its advantages and disadvantages. What Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked Is - and What it Is Not Describe the way your work at the same school will affect your work at the other. At McCormick, I am going to be able to take part in projects my very first calendar year, which will offer valuable hands-on experie nce. This finding was shown to be almost the precise opposite of what admissions officers from Stanford were seeking. PLME is a distinctive program, so highlight the reason why this model is the best fit for you. Before you turn in your assignment, you are going to want to appear over it one final moment. This advice should offer you a better idea of the way to approach the supplemental questions for Brown University. There are lots of numbers to consider. If you merely wished to study something different, you'd apply to Brown. The Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked Stories The trickiest part is usually choosing the activity you need to speak about. Look through the list of topics cautiously and start making a mental collection of the evidence you may use on topics you want. The author starts with a rather comprehensive story of an event or description of an individual or place. Go through the list below.

Fish- Beneath the Surface (An article for ‘Future of Fish’ magazine) Free Essays

Natural cod stocks going down. There has been much press coverage of the decline in natural cod stocks due to over fishing in the North Sea. I like my cod and chips and so was quite concerned about this. We will write a custom essay sample on Fish- Beneath the Surface (An article for ‘Future of Fish’ magazine) or any similar topic only for you Order Now It may be too late to get the numbers back up to 1970’s levels but less documented by the press, is the rapid growth of mariculture, the cultivation of marine organisms for food, which retailers say could ‘revolutionise the fishing industry’ (2). I visited the Manx Mariculture fish hatchery to investigate the principles behind fish farming and soon discovered that it was not without its problems. As my guide, Rick Fullerton, explained, a bacterial problem in the live feed meant that the hatchery faced a crisis in the year 2006 when only a few hundred cod were produced instead of the target 1 million. This is a common problem in mariculture and there is the potential for exciting new developments in the production of live feed which could eliminate this problem in the future. Use of live feed as an answer Muscular System: Muscle Metabolism iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/muscular-system-muscle-metabolism/embed/#?secret=yfxEk13HKS" data-secret="yfxEk13HKS" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Muscular System: Muscle Metabolism#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe In order to kill bacteria, live feed may be disinfected or treated with UV rays (6). A recent study (Cutts, Sherwood and Treasurer) showed that bacterial numbers were lower in tanks of live feed treated with Pyceze, often used as a disinfectant of water and a preservative in cosmetic products, and the survival of larvae was 6.1% higher (6). Other future developments in the production of live feed may include using rotifers which match the nutritional requirements of the larvae. This could be achieved by finding new methods of enrichment. Research in collaboration with Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) has been carried out into developing enrichment methods using vitamin C, bacteria and fungi (7). Rotifers: These multicellular animals are 200-300à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½m in length and are kept at a density of around 1500 per ml (3). They supply the nutritional requirements of fish larvae by retaining nutrients which are then passed on to the larvae (5), ensuring rapid growth. As I go round, a putrid smell laces the air. Dark and bitter, it hangs heavily in the small room. The humidity makes it difficult to breath. Four tanks prevail to one side, overbearing. This is the live feed room of the Manx Mariculture fish hatchery. I peer closer to make out the reptilian green contents of the tanks. Here, rotifers, used as live feed, are grown in aerated tanks on a diet of yeast and algae at 25à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C (3), optimum conditions for growth. The cod and turbot larvae farmed at the site are reared on these for up to 20 days during which time it is not possible to produce food pellets small enough for their consumption. To small to be seen with the naked eye, rotifers are an excellent replacement of the fish’s natural diet, zooplankton (copepods) and they are enriched to supply the nutritional requirements of the larvae. Nutrition in the diet is essential in ensuring optimum growth. Brine shrimps: With my knowledge of cod limited to its appearance in a plastic take-out box, the sight of the fish at 20 days, with their dark silken bodies deftly navigating the water, surprises me. At this age, they are around 7-8 mm in length and are fed for a further 20 days on brine shrimp, or Artemia, 500-700 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½m in length (3). By using a specially formulated diet for the Artemia, their nutritional content is increased to maximise the growth of the larvae. This also reduces pigmentation problems in the turbot, a species of fish I had not previously heard of. My first impression of them is that they bear a certain resemblance to the shape of a stingray. They line the bottom of the holding tanks, their slender bodies overlapping, producing a carpet of shimmering grey. A tight ship: Nevertheless, live feed production is extremely expensive. To improve efficiency at Manx Mariculture, rotifer production is carried out as a continuous process. Future developments are needed in the production and reliability of rotifer and Artemia whilst reducing the cost of the feeds. Recent studies (Lubzens E, Zmora O, Barr Y, 2001) have shown that the rotifers, B. plicatilis and B. rotundiformis, are two species of rotifer most suited to mariculture. Fish and chips – a change of diet As cod are cannibalistic, grading is carried out at 2 to 4 months using filters of increasing width to separate out different sizes into different tanks. This increases the survival rate of smaller, weaker cod which may not have survived in the wild. As it is not economically viable to produce live feed in large amounts as the fish mature, they are weaned off this and onto a diet of hard fishmeal pellets. This is achieved by gradually increasing the ratio of hard pellets to live food, fed once a day using automated feeders suspended above the tanks. Made from smaller species of fish and crustaceans unfit for human consumption, standard fishmeal has a content of 65-67% protein and 12% fat (8). There may be some dispute over the validity of this data as it is from an internet site and the source is not clear, therefore it cannot be guaranteed that the information is entirely accurate. Fishmeal contains proteins, lipids, minerals and vitamins but very little carbohydrate. Its close composition to that of the fish’s natural diet makes it an excellent alternative (8). Fishmeal increases feed efficiency and growth due to a greater nutrient uptake and absorption. It also provides a high amount of energy per unit weight (8). Lipids in the diet provide phospholipids and fatty acids required for optimum growth and development. They are also important in the structure and function of cell membranes. They can be easily digested and have a high energy content which is important as the diet contains little carbohydrate. This is most likely because there is limited availability of carbohydrates in marine environments (9). If the diet does not provide enough energy, protein needed for growth will be broken down instead which increases the costs of fish farming. Protein is needed in the diet as it provides the 10 essential amino acids which the fish cannot synthesis. Fishmeal also contains minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and magnesium and vitamins including the B-complex (8). There are, however, ethical concerns over the use of fishmeal as some argue that for every tonne of farmed fish produced, 5 tonnes of fishmeal are used in the process. On the other hand, fishmeal can be seen to reduce pollution to the environment as there is increased nutrient uptake by the fish (8). Green issues Further environmental concerns which surround fish farming include the pollution caused by waste being discharged into the sea. However, made up of fish waste and undigested food, this is natural and it does not cause major problems or damage to marine environments (3). This likely to be accurate and precise information as Nick Fullerton is a professional with a degree in biology and has had many years experience in mariculture. The energy cost of running the hatchery which includes pumping water 24 hours day and the continuous monitoring probes must also be taken into account when considering the environmental implications of fish farming. A breath of fresh air Continuing my tour, I am shown the large round tanks where the fish are held. A strange looking square device sits on the surface of the water. Consisting of a flimsy plastic frame, it looks unimportant, however, it has the potential to raise the survival of the fish by 90% (3). This is a surface skimmer which cleans the surface of the water by blowing air over it to remove the oily film which would otherwise build up. When the surface is clear, young fish are able to gulp air in order to inflate the swim bladder, an organ in bony fish used for buoyancy. As the fish rely on the water in order to breathe and grow, the water quality can have a huge impact on the success of fish farming (10). The seawater in the hatchery is filtered through filters only 1 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½m thick in order to remove most harmful bacteria and parasites and the continuous flow maintains the water quality (3). Bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Oceanospirillum, Marinobactera and Paracoccus are common in marine environments (11). Much more impressive are the electronic probes which measure oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia levels and pH. However, water is not recirculated otherwise very strict controls would have to be enforced on water quality (3). Oxygen, required for aerobic respiration, is kept at a concentration of 8 mg per litre, or almost 100% saturation (At 20 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C, normal pressure and in freshwater, 9.1 mg/L = 100% saturation (12)). Fish require a high concentration of oxygen because they are very active and have a high metabolism. The oxygen concentration is increased when stress levels are elevated such as during transport. This causes the heart rate to increase and so the fish to take in more oxygen. Carbon dioxide levels are kept below 5 parts per million (ppm) and ammonia which is excreted by the fish is kept below 0.02 ppm. PH is ideally kept between 6.5 and 9.0 (10). More advanced probes are being developed but these advancements are limited by cost. Temperature is kept around 7-8à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C for cod and slightly warmer for turbot. These temperatures are maintained by 3 water inlets to each tank of cold, heated and ambient water. Hot water is not used due to the high cost, especially as the water is not recirculated. Food for thought The ethics of keeping the fish at high stocking densities needs to be considered, however, it can also be seen that their survival is much higher than in the wild. At 50 days, this is 20-30% compared with less than 1% in the wild (3). Turbot even appear to thrive at high densities (13) as this is natural to them in a marine environment on the ocean floor. This is likely to be valid information as it comes from an educational source although, published in 1992, it is not up-to-date. Another concern is that if farmed fish escape and breed with wild stock, the genetic strain may be weakened as farmed cod have lost much of their natural awareness (3). Help or hindrance? Mariculture is growing worldwide at a rate of 5% annually (14) but is it actually accomplishing its aim of increasing fish stock? The use of fishmeal in fish farming means that it relieves pressure on one species only to transfer it to others. It can be argued that the numbers of other species of fish removed from the ocean in order to feed farmed fish mean that the problem is not solved. Furthermore, depleted stocks of other species may disrupt complex food webs in marine ecosystems as ‘population dynamics, competition for food and patterns of predation’ are changed (15). How to cite Fish- Beneath the Surface (An article for ‘Future of Fish’ magazine), Papers

Jazz free essay sample

Lamellar Jazz Is a genre of music that originated In African American countless during the late 19th and early 20th century. It emerged in many parts of the united States in the form of independent popular musical styles, and it is linked with African American and European American music. Jazz since its birth have changed and faced with improvisations starting from ragtime till the modern style of the Jazz. The birth of Jazz in the multicultural society of America has led intellectuals from around the world to treat Jazz as one of Americas original art forms . 4] Prominent jazz musician Louis Armstrong observed: At one time they were calling it levee camp music, then in my day it was ragtime. When I got up North I commenced to hear about jazz, Chicago style, Dixieland, swing. All refinements of what we played in New Orleans There anti nothing new. [5] Or as jazz musician J. We will write a custom essay sample on Jazz or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page J. Johnson put It In a 1988 Interview: Jazz Is restless. It wont stay put and It never Although jazz is considered difficult to define, improvisation is consistently regarded as being one of its key elements.The centrality of improvisation in Jazz is attributed o influential earlier forms of music: Jazz is often characterized as the product of group creativity, interaction, and collaboration, which places varying degrees of value on the contributions of composer Of there Is one) and performers. [12] In jazz, the skilled performer will Interpret a tune In very Individual ways, never playing the same composition exactly the same way twice: depending upon the performers mood and personal experience, interactions with other musicians, or even members of the audience, a jazz musician may alter melodies, harmonies or time signature at will. 13] Ragtime (1890-1910) The abolition of slavery in 1865 led to new opportunities for the education of freed African Americans. Although strict segregati on limited employment opportunities for most blacks, many were able to find work in entertainment. Black musicians were able to provide entertainment in dances, minstrel shows, and in vaudeville, during which time many marching bands were formed. Black pianists played In bars, clubs and brothels, as ragtime Its cardinal trait Is Its syncopated, or ragged, rhythm. 2] It began as dance music In the red-light districts of African American communities Cakewalk a pre-ragtime dance form popular until about 1904. The music is intended to be representative of an African-American dance contest in which the prize Is a cake. Many early rags are cakewalks. Characteristic march a march the race of their subject, which is usually African-Americans. Many early rags are characteristic marches. Two-step a pre-ragtime dance form popular until about 1911. A large number of rags are two-steps. Slow drag another dance form associated with early ragtime. A modest number of rags are slow drags. Icon song a pre-ragtime vocal form popular until about 1901. A song with crude, racist lyrics often sung by white performers in blackjack. Gradually died out in favor of the ragtime song. Strongly associated with ragtime in its day, it is one of the things that gave ragtime a bad name. Ragtime song the vocal form of ragtime, more generic in theme than the icon song.Though this was the form of music most commonly considered ragtime in its day, many people today prefer to put it in the popular music category. Irving Berlin was the most commercially successful composer of ragtime songs, and his Alexander Ragtime Band (1911) was the single most widely reformed and recorded piece of this sort, even though it contains virtually no ragtime syncopation. Gene Greene was a famous singer in this style.Folk ragtime a name often used to describe ragtime that originated from small towns or assembled from folk strains, or at least sounded as if they did. Folk rags often have unusual chromatic features typical of composers with non-standard training. Was consisted of: African American folk music, Work song Guitar, Bass, Piano, Harmonica, Double bass, Drums, Saxophone, Vocals, Trumpet, Trombone Tone: Rhythmic, swaying, swinging, hyper Defining elements: Call-and-response format, cyclical, standard chord structures, focus on the guitarist/vocalist, simple chord progressions. Blues Blues is the name given to both a musical form and a music genre,[60] which originated in African-American communities of primarily the Deep South of the United States at the end of the 19th century from their spirituals, work songs, field hollers,shouts and chants and rhymed simple narrative ballads. [61] The term may have come from the term blue devils, meaning melancholy songs, songster styles, church music, ragtime). Most musicians would say that Jazz is not Jazz without blues.Many of the rural blues of the Deep South are stylistically an extension and merger of basically two broad accompanied song-style traditions in the west central Satanic belt: A strongly Arabic/lactic song style, as found for example among the Hausa. It is characterized by Melissa, WA. Y intonation, pitch instabilities within a pentatonic framework, and a declamatory voice. More rhythmic style of blues W. C. Handy: early published blues[edit] WAC Handy age 19, 1892 W. C. Handy became intrigued with the folk blues of the Deep South while traveling elodea range was limited, sounding like a field holler.

Assessing Leadership Skills Essay Essays

Assessing Leadership Skills Essay Essays Assessing Leadership Skills Essay Essay Assessing Leadership Skills Essay Essay This paper will supply information about the theoretical attacks that I will utilize to heighten my leading effectivity. it will discourse my leading manner and the ground I choose the manner. This paper will besides explicate the leading accomplishments and qualities I already possess. with the accomplishments and qualities that need betterment. along with how to implement the leadership/follower interaction to better the organisation where I would wish to work. and eventually depict one point of action that I’ve learned from my Self Insight documents. that will include a description of how each point will be implemented. Let’s Begin by specifying leading ; leading is the influence relationship among leaders and followings who intend existent alterations and results that reflect their shared intents. ( Draft. 2011. p. 5 ) Leadership is a people activity and is different from administrative paper work or planning activities. Leadership happens wi th people. it is non something done to people. ( Draft. 2011. p. 6 ) The theoretical attacks that I will utilize to heighten my leading effectivity will be to integrate the democratic leading manner ; along with the Fiedler’s Contingency Model. The democratic manner of leading delegate’s authorization to others encourages engagement. relies on subordinates’ cognition for completion of undertakings and depends on subsidiaries respect for others. ( Draft. 2011. p. 44 ) Democratic leading manner is similar to Theory Y Democratic leaders treat subsidiaries as to the full capable of making the work on their ain. Democratic leaders work with subsidiaries they encourage. they treat each one reasonably. They don’t set anyone down. they see themselves as ushers. They give suggestions. instead than seeking to alter them. Democratic leaders provide information. in their rating they give nonsubjective congratulations and unfavorable judgment. ( Northouse. 2009 ) Although a Democratic leader will do the concluding determination. he/she encourage other members of the squad to hold a say in the determination devising procedure. This non merely hike occupation satisfaction by linking employees or squad members in what’s traveling on. but it besides help to develop people’s accomplishments. Employees and squad members feel in control of their ain fate. such as the publicity they deserve and so are motivated to work hard by more than merely a fiscal wages. As engagement takes clip. this attack can take to things go oning more easy but frequently the terminal consequence is better. The attack can be most suited where squad work is indispensable and quality is more of import than velocity to market productiveness. ( Bhatti. N. et. Al. 2012 ) The results of democratic leaders are largely positive. first it consequences in greater group member satisfaction. committedness. and coherence. Second. there is more friendliness. common prattles. and group mindedness. The teams members interact with each other in a positive mode. and the end is has the group in head with doing we statements opposed to I stat ements. Last. democratic leaders result in stronger worker motive and greater creativeness. and under a democratic leader group members participate more and are more committed to group determinations Fiedler’s Contingency Model ; this theoretical account was designed to enable leaders to name both leading manner and organisational state of affairs. ( Draft. 2011. p. 68 ) This theoretical account was besides designed to name whether or non the leader is task oriented or relationship oriented and fit the leader manner to the state of affairs. The Tasks oriented people are end oriented. They want to accomplish. Their work in meaningful. they are actors. Then we have Relationship oriented people they find intending in being instead than making. Like the democratic manner. relationship oriented people they want to be connected to people. There is besides Task leading and Relationship leading. Task relationship behaviours facilitate ends achievements ; they are behaviours that aid group mem bers to accomplish their aims. while relationship leading behaviour aid subordinates experience comfy with themselves. with each other. and with the state of affairs which they find themselves. The ground why I choose these theoretical accounts is because they best fit my leading manner. and I think it’s a productive manner of leading. In using this accomplishment I‘m ale to listen to other position. and welcome an mixture of declarations. My best leading qualities are in the class of a transformational leader. Transformational leaders are a leader that influences. inspire. move and literally transform followings to accomplish organisational ends beyond their opportunisms therefore originating about positive alteration. They besides introduce new concern theoretical accounts. merchandises and services because of their ability to make new organisational visions. schemes. civilizations. and structures through committed followings. Transformational leaders positively change follower’s lives. raising liquors and even the committedness to moralss and morality ( Weiss. J. ( 2011 ) My penchant would be a transformational leader because they deal more with the individual instead than the undertaking. They build relationships with their squad members. they encourage and motivate. and I think that their followings will acquire more work done because of the resonance that is made with the squad. Another quality that I posses is â€Å"Stewardship† stewardship involves the support and belief that leaders are profoundly accountable to others every bit good as to the organisation. without seeking to command others. specify significance and intent for others. or take attention of others. I’m in favour of this type of leading because it allows the people to make the work without being micro managed. There are four constituents to this manner of leading. reorient towards partnership premises. place determinations and power to those closest to the work and the client. acknowledge and honor the value of labour. and anticipate nucleus work squads to construct t he organisation. ( Draft. 2011. p. 176 ) By utilizing these methods the leader is to take the organisation taking control of the follower. They are able to work together in harmoniousness with squad members. By utilizing the stewardship method you are able to handle team members as spouses. by sharing power. and keeping control over their ain work. This theoretical account besides allows relationships to organize between leaders and followings that will lend to the organisations success. Independent believing refers to believing. oppugning premises. and construing informations and events. harmonizing to one’s ain beliefs. thoughts. non harmonizing to prestablished regulations. modus operandis or classs defined by others. ( Draft. 2011. p. 138 ) I’ve ever been an independent mind. I’m non the type of individual that agrees with people for credence. or merely to travel along with the most popular reply. I’m really opinionated. and I’m able to acquire my positions across without being rude or mean. In my current place. I have to ever be watchful. and able to believe critically because systems are ever altering Although I fell that I’m a good overall leader my weakest accomplishments falls under disposal accomplishments. disposal accomplishments. Administrative accomplishments are those competences a leader needs to run an organisation in order to transport out the organisations purpose and ends. Administrative accomplishments are divided into three classs: managing people. pull offing resources. and demoing proficient competency. ( Northouse. 2009 ) I work good with people but covering with administrative undertaking has ever been an issue for me. I’m non the best typist. nor am I good organized. Since going a pupil at AU I’ve go more organized. Another quality in demand of betterment trades with system believing. System believing means the ability to see the synergism of the whole instead than merely the separate elements of a system and larn to reenforce or alter whole system forms. ( Draft. 2011. p. 142 ) The leadership/follower interaction that I would implement to better the organisation where I would wish to work is leader follower coaction. In the leader follower coaction leaders and followings have more in common than they think. In my ideal work topographic point I would utilize this theoretical account as the design for my company. Get downing phases of a undertaking or assignment. The leader and follower functions differ significantly in the initial phases of a undertaking. The leader should supply way in the signifier of range. nonsubjective. outlooks. restrictions and guidelines while the follower should inquire inquiries to guarantee understanding and should lend to the undertaking or assignment definition as appropriate. Middle phases of a undertaking or assignment. The leader and follower functions exhibit greater similarities during the in-between phases of a undertaking. This is where the majority of work occurs. Leadership should switch. based upon who possesses the appropriate cognition or expertness. With self-importances in cheque. leaders should allow. and even promote. followings to originate thoughts and sentiments. With cowardliness in cheque. followings should exercise leading by offering thoughts and sentiments. If leader and follower can carry through these new functions. a high grade of coaction will happen and project success will increase. Concluding phases of a undertaking or assignment In this phase. leader and follower functions once more differ. It is up to the leader to specify the terminal of one undertaking and the beginning of the following. For optimum acquisition. leader and follower might collaboratively prosecute in a â€Å"lessons learned† duologue. ( Don Grayson A ; Ryan Speckhart ) What I’ve learned from my Self Insight Papers is that I might be a spot timid in my leading ability. I thought that I was a good leader but it seems as though that I still have some work to make. Prior to taking this class I thought that I was a really good leader. but it seems as though I have a batch to work to make to better my leading accomplishments. In making an appraisal of my strengths and failings. I realized that in order to go a more effectual leader I will hold to go much more confident in certain countries. The countries that betterment is needed is in my motive techniques. I thought that I encouraged my squad in a positive mode. but what I realized is that I’m making the majority of the work while promoting. what sense does that do? I have to put lineations and let my squad members to do errors. and learn from them. Because we get paid by public presentation is likely why I do that. As a leader. you can develop anchor to accept personal duty for accomplishing the desired results. traveling against the position quo. and standing up for what you believe. You can larn to force beyond your comfort zone and interruption through the frights that bound you. ( Draft. 2011. p. 182 ) That statement amounts it up for me. If a leader can populate by that statement everyone will profit in the terminal. In decision this paper has defined leading. identified the accomplishments and qualities I possess. in add-on to the qualities that need betterment. every bit good as how to implement the leadership/follower interaction to better the organisation where I would wish to work. and eventually depict one point of action that I’ve learned from my Self Insight documents. that will include a description of how each point will be implemented. MentionsBhatti. N. . Maitlo. G. M. . Shaikh. N. . Hashmi. M. A. . A ; Shaikh. F. M. ( 2012 ) . The impact of bossy and democratic leading manner on occupation satisfaction. International Business Research. 5 ( 2 ) . 192-201. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //search. proquest. com/docview/963357720? accountid=32521 Daft. R. L. ( 2011. 2008 ) . The leading experience ( 5/e ) . Mason. Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning. Northouse. P. G. ( 2009 ) . Introduction to Leadership: Concepts and Practice. Thousand Oaks. CA: Sage Publications Weiss. J. ( 2011 ) An Introduction to Leadership. Bridgepoint Education. Inc. World Wide Web. trustee. edu/acad/global/publications/†¦/grayson_speckhar

Gettysburg East Cavalry Field in the Civil War

Gettysburg East Cavalry Field in the Civil War Battle of Gettysburg: Union Order of Battle - Confederate Order of Battle Gettysburg-East Cavalry Fight - Conflict Date: The East Cavalry Fight took place on July 3, 1863, during the American Civil War (1861-1865) and was part of the larger Battle of Gettysburg (July 1-July 3, 1863). Armies Commanders: Union Brigadier General David McM. GreggBrigadier General George A. Custer3,250 men Confederate Major General J.E.B. Stuartapprox. 4,800 men Gettysburg-East Cavalry Fight - Background: On July 1, 1863, Union and Confederate forces met north and northwest of the town of Gettysburg, PA.  The first day of the battle resulted in General Robert E. Lees forces driving Major General John F. Reynolds I Corps and Major General Oliver O. Howards XI Corps through Gettysburg to a strong defensive position around Cemetery Hill.  Bringing additional forces up during the night, Major General George G. Meades Army of the Potomac assumed a position with its right on Culps Hill and the line extending west to Cemetery Hill and then turning south along Cemetery Ridge.  The next day, Lee planned to attack both Union flanks.  These efforts were late in commencing and saw Lieutenant General James Longstreets First Corps push back Major General Daniel Sickles III Corps which had moved west off of Cemetery Ridge.  In a bitterly fought struggle, Union troops succeeded in holding the key heights of Little Round Top at the south end of the battlefield (Map).  Ã‚   Gettysburg-East Cavalry Fight - Plans Dispositions: In determining his plans for July 3, Lee at first hoped to launch coordinated attacks on Meades flanks.  This plan was thwarted when Union forces opened a fight at Culps Hill around 4:00 AM.  This engagement raged for seven hours until quieting at 11:00 AM.  As a result of this action, Lee changed his approach for the afternoon and instead decided to focus on striking the Union center on Cemetery Ridge.  Assigning command of the operation to Longstreet, he ordered that Major General George Picketts division, which had not been engaged in the previous days fighting, form the core of the attack force.  To supplement Longstreets assault on the Union center, Lee directed Major General J.E.B. Stuart to take his Cavalry Corps east and south around Meades right flank.  Once in the Union rear, he was attack towards the Baltimore Pike which served as the primary line of retreat for the Army of the Potomac. Opposing Stuart were elements of Major General Alfred Pleasontons Cavalry Corps.  Disliked and mistrusted by Meade, Pleasonton was retained at the armys headquarters while his superior directed cavalry operations personally.  Of the corps three divisions, two remained in the Gettysburg area with that of Brigadier General David McM. Gregg located east of the main Union line while Brigadier General Judson Kilpatricks men protected the Union left to the south.  The bulk of the third division, belonging to Brigadier General John Buford, had been sent south to refit after playing a key role in the early fighting on July 1.  Only Bufords reserve brigade, led by Brigadier General Wesley Merritt, remained in the area and held a position south of the Round Tops.  To reinforce the position east of Gettysburg, orders were issued for Kilpatrick to loan Brigadier General George A. Custers brigade to Gregg. Gettysburg-East Cavalry Fight - First Contact: Holding a position at the intersection of the Hanover and Low Dutch Roads, Gregg deployed the bulk of his men along the former facing north while Colonel John B. McIntoshs brigade occupied a position behind the latter facing northwest.  Approaching the Union line with four brigades, Stuart intended to pin Gregg in place with dismounted troopers and then launch an attack from the west using Cress Ridge to shield his movements.  Advancing the brigades of Brigadier Generals John R. Chambliss and Albert G. Jenkins, Stuart had these men occupy the woods around the Rummel Farm.  Gregg was soon alerted to their presence due to scouting by Custers men and signal guns fired by the enemy.  Unlimbering, Major Robert F. Beckhams horse artillery opened fired on the Union lines.  Responding, Lieutenant Alexander Penningtons Union battery proved more accurate and succeeded in largely quieting the Confederate guns (Map). Gettysburg-East Cavalry Fight - Dismounted Action:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As the artillery fire subsided, Gregg directed the 1st New Jersey Cavalry from McIntoshs brigade to dismount as well as the 5th Michigan Cavalry from Custers.  These two units commenced a long-range duel with the Confederates around the Rummel Farm.  Pressing the action, the 1st New Jersey advanced to a fence line closer to the farm and continued the fight.  Running low on ammunition, they were soon joined by the 3rd Pennsylvania Cavalry.  Tangling with a larger force, McIntosh called for reinforcements from Gregg.  This request was denied, though Gregg did deploy an additional artillery battery which began shelling the area around the Rummel Farm.   This compelled the Confederates to abandon the farms barn.  Seeking to turn the tide, Stuart brought more of his men into the action and extended his line to flank the Union troopers.  Quickly dismounting part of the 6th Michigan Cavalry, Custer blocked this move.  As McIntoshs ammunition began to dwindle, the brigades fire started to slacken.  Seeing an opportunity, Chambliss men intensified their fire.  As McIntoshs men began to withdraw, Custer advanced the 5th Michigan.  Armed with seven-shot Spencer rifles, the 5th Michigan surged forward and, in fighting that became hand-to-hand at times, succeeded in driving Chambliss back into the woods beyond the Rummel Farm.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gettysburg-East Cavalry Fight - Mounted Fight: Increasingly frustrated and eager to end the action, Stuart directed the 1st Virginia Cavalry from Brigadier General Fitzhugh Lees brigade to make a mounted charge against the Union lines.  He intended this force to break through the enemys position by the farm and split them from those Union troops along Low Dutch Road.  Seeing the Confederates advance, McIntosh attempted to send his reserve regiment, the 1st Maryland Cavalry, forward.  This failed when he found that Gregg had ordered it south to the intersection.  Responding to the new threat, Gregg ordered Colonel William D. Manns 7th Michigan Cavalry to launch a counter-charge.  As Lee drove back Union forces by the farm, Custer personally led the 7th Michigan forward with a yell of Come on, you Wolverines! (Map). Surging forward, the 1st Virginias flank came under fire from the 5th Michigan and part of the 3rd Pennsylvania.  The Virginians and 7th Michigan collided along a sturdy wooden fence and commenced fighting with pistols.  In an effort to turn the tide, Stuart directed Brigadier General Wade Hampton to take reinforcements forward.  These troopers joined with the 1st Virginia and compelled Custers men to fall back.  Pursuing the 7th Michigan towards the intersection, the Confederates came under heavy fire from the 5th and 6th Michigans as well as the 1st New Jersey and 3rd Pennsylvania.  Under this protection, the 7th Michigan rallied and turned to mount a counterattack.  This succeeded in drove the enemy back past the Rummel Farm. Given the near success of the Virginians in almost reaching the crossroads, Stuart concluded that larger attack might carry the day.  As such, he directed the bulk of Lee and Hamptons brigades to charge forward.  As the enemy came under fire from Union artillery, Gregg directed the 1st Michigan Cavalry to charge forward.  Advancing with Custer in the lead, this regiment smashed into the charging Confederates.  With the fighting swirling, Custers outnumbered men began to be pushed back.  Seeing the tide turning, McIntoshs men entered the fray with the 1st New Jersey and 3rd Pennsylvania striking the Confederate flank.  Under attack from multiple directions, Stuarts men began to fall back to the shelter of the woods and Cress Ridge.  Though Union forces attempted a pursuit, a rearguard action by the 1st Virginia blunted this effort. Gettysburg-East Cavalry Fight - Aftermath:   In the fighting east of Gettysburg, Union casualties numbered 284 while Stuarts men lost 181.  A victory for the improving Union cavalry, the action prevented Stuart from riding around Meades flank and striking the Army of the Potomacs rear.  To the west, Longstreets assault on the Union center, later dubbed Picketts Charge, was turned back with massive losses.  Though victorious, Meade elected not to mount a counterattack against Lees wounded army citing the exhaustion of his own forces.  Personally taking the blame the defeat, Lee ordered the Army of Northern Virginia to commence a retreat south on the evening of July 4.  The victory at Gettysburg and Major General Ulysses S. Grants triumph at Vicksburg on July 4 marked the turning points of the Civil War.   Selected Sources Echoes of Gettysburg: East Cavalry FieldCivil War Trust: Gettysburg-East Cavalry FieldEast Cavalry Field: Battle of Gettysburg